Abstract: National parks not only undertake scientific research, ecological protection and other functions, but also actively undertake education, recreation and other functions. Nature education based on national parks is an important part of the construction of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park system, but there is a lack of relevant research on the mechanism of the intrinsic factors affecting the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Nature Education System. This paper focuses on primary school teachers and students in Hainan Province. Through the design, survey, and statistical analysis of questionnaires based on knowledge of the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, the study explores the influencing factors of natural education on primary school students in Hainan. The main conclusions are as follows: Primary school teachers in Hainan Province have a general understanding of nature knowledge and nature education. They show a high degree of recognition for conducting natural education for primary school students. Teachers believe that students are relatively deficient in knowledge of nature and folklore, and have a high degree of demand for nature education. Hainan primary school students have a high level of understanding of basic natural knowledge. However, their understanding of local basic natural knowledge in Hainan is average. They also exhibit low awareness of natural knowledge with low public familiarity. There is a high demand for fundamental natural knowledge, while the demand for deeper, skill-oriented natural knowledge is low. Students show a higher preference for comprehensive natural education programs that are more closely related to daily life. On the first level of dimensions, Hainan primary school students′ nature exposure is significantly positively correlated with nature understanding and nature desire; nature understanding is significantly negatively correlated with nature desire. On the established secondary dimensions, the effects of gender and grade level on primary school students′ nature education in different secondary dimensions were analyzed. Finally, "two senses" and "two genders" are proposed for the development of the nature education system of elementary school students in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park, which provides abundant data references and development ideas for the subsequent research and development of nature courses for Hainan primary school students.