国家公园监管系统框架设计与建设展望

Design framework and construction prospect of national park supervision system

  • 摘要: 利用智慧化监测手段对国家公园进行实时、长期监测, 评估其生态系统健康状态, 是实现气候变化与人类活动影响下国家公园可持续发展的重要支撑。同时, 国家公园智慧化建设也是国家公园精细化和动态化监管的基础。系统总结了国内外国家公园管理体系建设的经验, 结合我国国家公园的资源禀赋与基础设施现状, 提出了国家公园智慧化建设框架、监测指标体系及监管体系构建方案。具体包括指标监测、状态评估和系统分析三个耦合模块, 即建设“天空地一体化”监测网络体系, 充分发挥地面生态、环境、气象等要素站点监测及无人机与卫星遥感监测能力, 围绕生态系统原真性、完整性和多样性构建国家公园生态环境指标监测体系;依托生态环境监管大数据平台, 运用云计算与物联网等信息化手段, 强化国家公园监测数据分析和系统应用。系统集成应用以监测先行、实时感知、智能决策为导向;以服务国家公园监管业务创新、构建面向生态治理体系与治理能力现代化的生态智慧监管为宗旨, 全面推动实现国家公园生态环境信息监测体系与管理业务支撑体系“大融合”。

     

    Abstract: The use of intelligent monitoring methods for real-time and long-term monitoring of national parks, evaluating their ecosystem health status, is an important support for achieving sustainable development of national parks under the influence of climate change and human activities. At the same time, the intelligent construction of national parks is also the foundation for the refinement and dynamic supervision of national parks. This paper has systematically summarized the experience of national park management system construction at home and abroad, combined with the resource endowment and infrastructure status of national parks in China, and proposed a framework for intelligent construction of national parks, a monitoring indicator system, and a regulatory system construction plan. Specifically, it includes three coupling modules: indicator monitoring, status evaluation, and system analysis, namely the construction of a "sky land integration" monitoring network system, fully leveraging the monitoring capabilities of ground ecological, environmental, meteorological and other elements stations, as well as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and satellite remote sensing monitoring, to build a national park ecological environment indicator monitoring system around the authenticity, integrity, and diversity of the ecosystem; By relying on the big data platform for ecological environment supervision and utilizing information technology such as cloud computing and the Internet of Things, we will strengthen the analysis and system application of national park monitoring data. The system integration application is guided by monitoring first, real-time perception, and intelligent decision-making; With the aim of serving the innovation of national park supervision business and building an ecological smart supervision oriented towards the modernization of ecological governance system and governance capacity, we comprehensively promote the integration of national park ecological environment information monitoring system and management business support system.

     

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